Archdiocese of München-Freising: Difference between revisions

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{{religion}}
'''ARCHDIOCESE OF MÜNCHEN-FREISING''' (Archidioecesis Monacensis et Frisingensis)
'''ARCHDIOCESE OF MÜNCHEN-FREISING''' (Archidioecesis Monacensis et Frisingensis)


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[[File:muenchenf.rel.jpg|center|300 px|Arms of the Archdiocese München-Freising]]
[[File:muenchenf.rel.jpg|center|300 px|Arms of the Archdiocese München-Freising]]


===Official blazon===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Official blazon
|-
|'''English'''
| blazon wanted
|}


===Origin/meaning===
===Origin/meaning===
{{missing}}
The crowned head as symbol for the diocese appears for the first time on the seals of Bishop Emicho in 1285 in a small shield at the base of his seal. As colours are not known, it is unclear whether it is really a Moor's head. The Moor is often identified as the patron saint of the diocese, St. Corbinian, however, he was not black and all old images of the saint used by the bishops, showed him facing not en profil. He is also never shown with a crown.
 
More likely is the theory that Bishop Ermicho wanted to show that he is only below the German King, symbolised by the crown,  and not under the rule of the Dukes of Bavaria, with whom he was in a territorial conflict.
 
The first coloured image appears in a book from Bishop Konrad (1314-1322) and clearly shows a crowned Moor. This image has never changed since. Even though there has been a lot of research and a number of theories, it is still not clear why a Moor's head was chosen and/or whether already the head on the seal of Bishop Ermicho was already a Moor.
 
The most accepted theory is the following; under Bishop Konrad the Moor was used as a symbol to mark the property of the diocese and was mentioned as a ''Caput Aethiopis'', or the Head of an Ethiopian. This, in turn, may refer to a Biblican theme where Ethiopians (or Ethiopian Kings) were seen as curators or protectors of treasure. A head of a crowend Ethiopian thus could be used as a symbol of property or treasure.
 
A second theory is that the head refers to the people that are still not Christian, and have not seen the light, i.e. shown as black. This may refer to the missionary activity of the bishops in their Eastern possessions in what is now Austria and Slovenia.


The arms until 2013
It is also speculated that these theories are combined : Bishop Ermicho wanted to show that he is under the King alone, that he acts as a missionary and at the same time it was used to protect his treasure. Probably we will never find out the actual reason for using the Moor.


[[File:muenchen.rel.png|center|300 px|Arms of the Archdiocese München-Freising]]
The colours have historically been with a golden shield, but after the renaming and move from Freising to München in 1818 the arms were generally seen in the colours of [[München]], silver and black. Only in 2013 the Archdiocese reverted to the historical colours. The Archbishops already reverted tp the historical colours in the early 20th century.
 
After 1803 when the wordly possessions of the different ecclesiastical rulers (bishops, abbeys..) were confiscated by the Bavarian State (secularisation) it was suggested to replace the arms with the Moor, as these also referred to the territories held by the bishops. Several new designs from 1821 focussed on the patron saints of the diocese. St. Mary and St. Corbinian, see image below, but were never approved or adopted.
 
===Image gallery===
<gallery widths=250px heights=200px perrow=0>
File:munchen-emicho.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The seal from 1285
File:munchenf1.rel.jpg|center|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms in a book from Bishop Konrad (1314-1322)
File:Archdiocese of München-Freising1459.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms in 1459
File:Archdiocese of München-Freising1475.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms in the late 15th century
File:Archdiocese of München-Freising1530.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|>The arms in the 16th/17th century
File:Archdiocese of München-Freising1581.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms in 1581
File:Archdiocese of München-Freising17.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms in a 17th century manuscript
File:munchenfz1.rel.jpg|center|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|17th century seal of the diocese
File:munchenfz2.rel.jpg|center|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|18th century seal of the diocese
File:Archdiocese of München-Freising.hes.jpg|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms in the [[Wapen- en Vlaggenboek Hesman|Wapen- en Vlaggenboek]] van Gerrit Hesman (1708)
File:munchenf1821.rel.jpg|center|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|Proposal from 1821
File:muenchen.png|alt=Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising|The arms until 2013
</gallery>


====Arms of Bishops====
====Arms of Bishops====
<gallery perrow=0>
<gallery perrow=0>
No image|[[Wildgraf Emicho]] (1283-1311)
File:noarms.jpg|Emicho (1283-1311)
No image|[[Gottfried von Hexenagger]] (1311-1314)
File:noarms.jpg|Gottfried von Hexenagger (1311-1314)
No image|[[Konrad III. der Sendlinger]] (1314-1322)
File:noarms.jpg|Konrad der Sendlinger (1314-1322)
No image|[[Johannes I. Wulfing]] (1323-1324)
File:noarms.jpg|Johannes Wulfing (1323-1324)
No image|[[Konrad IV. von Klingenberg]] (1324-1340)
No image|[[Konrad IV. von Klingenberg]] (1324-1340)
No image|[[Johannes II. Hake]] (1341-1349)
No image|[[Johannes II. Hake]] (1341-1349)
Line 39: Line 68:
No image|[[Johannes III. Grünwalder]] (1448-1452)
No image|[[Johannes III. Grünwalder]] (1448-1452)
No image|[[Johann IV. Tulbeck]] (1453-1473)
No image|[[Johann IV. Tulbeck]] (1453-1473)
No image|[[Sixtus von Tannberg]] (1474-1495)
File:Munchen-tannberg.jpg|[[Sixtus von Tannberg]] (1474-1495)
No image|[[Ruprecht von der Pfalz]] (1495-1498)
No image|[[Ruprecht von der Pfalz]] (1495-1498)
No image|[[Philipp von der Pfalz]] (1498-1541)
File:Munchen-pfalz.jpg|[[Philipp von der Pfalz]] (1498-1541)
No image|[[Heinrich III. von der Pfalz]] (1541-1552)
No image|[[Heinrich von der Pfalz]] (1541-1552)
No image|[[Leo Lösch von Hilkertshausen]] (1552-1559)
No image|[[Leo Lösch von Hilkertshausen]] (1552-1559)
No image|[[Moritz von Sandizell]] (1559-1566)
No image|[[Moritz von Sandizell]] (1559-1566)
File:Liege-bayernernst.jpg|[[Ernst von Bayern]] (1566-1612)
File:Liege-bayernernst.jpg|[[Ernst von Bayern]] (1566-1612)
No image|[[Stephan von Seiboldsdorf]] (1612-1618)
File:Freising-seiboldsdorf.jpg|[[Stephan von Seiboldsdorf]] (1612-1618)
No image|[[Veit Adam von Gepeckh]] (1618-1651)
File:Freising-gepeckh.jpg|[[Veit Adam von Gepeckh]] (1618-1651)
No image|[[Albrecht Sigismund von Bayern]] (1652-1685)
File:Freising-bayernas.jpg|[[Albrecht Sigismund von Bayern]] (1652-1685)
No image|[[Joseph Clemens von Bayern]] (1685-1694)
No image|[[Joseph Clemens von Bayern]] (1685-1694)
No image|[[Johann Franz Eckher von Kapfing und Liechteneck]] (1695-1727)
File:Freising-eckher.jpg|[[Johann Franz Eckher von Kapfing und Liechteneck]] (1695-1727)
No image|[[Johann Theodor von Bayern]] (1727-1763)
File:Munchen-bayern.jpg|[[Johann Theodor von Bayern]] (1727-1763)
No image|[[Clemens Wenzeslaus von Sachsen]] (1763-1768)
File:Freising-sachsen.jpg|[[Clemens Wenzeslaus von Sachsen]] (1763-1768)
No image|[[Ludwig Joseph Freiherr von Welden]] (1768-1788)
File:Freising-welden.jpg|[[Ludwig Joseph von Welden]] (1768-1788)
No image|[[Maximilian Prokop von Toerring-Jettenbach]] (1788-1789)
File:freising-toerring.jpg|[[Maximilian Prokop von Toerring-Jettenbach]] (1788-1789)
No image|[[Joseph Konrad Freiherr von Schroffenberg]] (1789-1803)
File:freising-schroffenberg.jpg|[[Joseph Konrad von Schroffenberg]] (1789-1803)
</gallery>
</gallery>


Line 68: Line 97:
FIle:munchen-bettinger.jpg|[[Franziskus von Bettinger]] (1909-1917)
FIle:munchen-bettinger.jpg|[[Franziskus von Bettinger]] (1909-1917)
FIle:munchen-faulhaber.jpg|[[Michael von Faulhaber]] (1917-1952)
FIle:munchen-faulhaber.jpg|[[Michael von Faulhaber]] (1917-1952)
File:münchen-wendel.rel.png|[[Joseph Wendel]] (1952-1960)
File:münchen-wendel.png|[[Joseph Wendel]] (1952-1960)
File:münchen-döpfner.rel.png|[[Julius August Döpfner]] (1961-1976)
File:münchen-döpfner.png|[[Julius August Döpfner]] (1961-1976)
File:müchen-ratzinger.rel.png|[[Joseph Ratzinger]] (1977-1982)
File:müchen-ratzinger.png|[[Joseph Ratzinger]] (1977-1982)
File:münchen-wetter.rel.png|[[Friedrich Wetter]] (1982-2007)
File:münchen-wetter.png|[[Friedrich Wetter]] (1982-2007)
File:münchen-marx.rel.png|[[Reinhard Marx]] (2008-present)
File:münchen-marx.png|[[Reinhard Marx]] (2008-present)
</gallery>
</gallery>


Line 107: Line 136:
File:munchen-defregger.jpg|[[Matthias Defregger]] (1968-1990)
File:munchen-defregger.jpg|[[Matthias Defregger]] (1968-1990)
File:munchen-soden.jpg|[[Heinrich von Soden-Fraunhofen]] (1972-1993)
File:munchen-soden.jpg|[[Heinrich von Soden-Fraunhofen]] (1972-1993)
No image|[[Franz Schwarzenböck]] (1972-1998)
Did not use arms|Franz Schwarzenböck (1972-1998)
No image|[[Engelbert Siebler]] (1986-2012)
Did not use arms|Engelbert Siebler (1986-2012)
No image|[[Bernhard Haßlberger]] (1994-present)
File:munchen-hasslberger.jpg|[[Bernhard Haßlberger]] (1994-present)
No image|[[Franz Dietl]] (1998-2010)
File:munchen-dietl.jpg|[[Franz Dietl]] (1998-2010)
FIle:munchen-bischof.jpg|[[Wolfgang Bischof]] (2010- present)
FIle:munchen-bischof.jpg|[[Wolfgang Bischof]] (2010-present)
FIle:munchen-stolberg.jpg|[[Rupert Graf zu Stolberg-Stolberg]] (2016- present)
FIle:munchen-stolberg.jpg|[[Rupert Graf zu Stolberg-Stolberg]] (2016-present)
</gallery>
</gallery>


{{religion}}
{{media}}
{{media}}


[[Literature]]:  
[[Heraldic literature - Ecclesiastical heraldry|Literature]]:  


[[Category:Ecclesiastical heraldry of Germany]]
[[Category:Ecclesiastical heraldry of Germany]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archdioceses]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archdioceses]]

Latest revision as of 15:30, 28 March 2024

ARCHDIOCESE OF MÜNCHEN-FREISING (Archidioecesis Monacensis et Frisingensis)

Country : Germany
Denomination : Roman Catholic

Established : 739 as Diocese of Freising
Elevated and renamed in 1818 to Archdiocese of München-Freising
Added 1818 Diocese of Chiemsee

Arms of the Archdiocese München-Freising
Official blazon
English blazon wanted

Origin/meaning

The crowned head as symbol for the diocese appears for the first time on the seals of Bishop Emicho in 1285 in a small shield at the base of his seal. As colours are not known, it is unclear whether it is really a Moor's head. The Moor is often identified as the patron saint of the diocese, St. Corbinian, however, he was not black and all old images of the saint used by the bishops, showed him facing not en profil. He is also never shown with a crown.

More likely is the theory that Bishop Ermicho wanted to show that he is only below the German King, symbolised by the crown, and not under the rule of the Dukes of Bavaria, with whom he was in a territorial conflict.

The first coloured image appears in a book from Bishop Konrad (1314-1322) and clearly shows a crowned Moor. This image has never changed since. Even though there has been a lot of research and a number of theories, it is still not clear why a Moor's head was chosen and/or whether already the head on the seal of Bishop Ermicho was already a Moor.

The most accepted theory is the following; under Bishop Konrad the Moor was used as a symbol to mark the property of the diocese and was mentioned as a Caput Aethiopis, or the Head of an Ethiopian. This, in turn, may refer to a Biblican theme where Ethiopians (or Ethiopian Kings) were seen as curators or protectors of treasure. A head of a crowend Ethiopian thus could be used as a symbol of property or treasure.

A second theory is that the head refers to the people that are still not Christian, and have not seen the light, i.e. shown as black. This may refer to the missionary activity of the bishops in their Eastern possessions in what is now Austria and Slovenia.

It is also speculated that these theories are combined : Bishop Ermicho wanted to show that he is under the King alone, that he acts as a missionary and at the same time it was used to protect his treasure. Probably we will never find out the actual reason for using the Moor.

The colours have historically been with a golden shield, but after the renaming and move from Freising to München in 1818 the arms were generally seen in the colours of München, silver and black. Only in 2013 the Archdiocese reverted to the historical colours. The Archbishops already reverted tp the historical colours in the early 20th century.

After 1803 when the wordly possessions of the different ecclesiastical rulers (bishops, abbeys..) were confiscated by the Bavarian State (secularisation) it was suggested to replace the arms with the Moor, as these also referred to the territories held by the bishops. Several new designs from 1821 focussed on the patron saints of the diocese. St. Mary and St. Corbinian, see image below, but were never approved or adopted.

Image gallery

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The seal from 1285

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms in a book from Bishop Konrad (1314-1322)

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms in 1459

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms in the late 15th century

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    >The arms in the 16th/17th century

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms in 1581

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms in a 17th century manuscript

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    17th century seal of the diocese

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    18th century seal of the diocese

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms in the Wapen- en Vlaggenboek van Gerrit Hesman (1708)

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    Proposal from 1821

  • Wappen Erzbistum München-Freising / Archdiocese of München-Freising

    The arms until 2013

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