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{ | {{no}} | ||
| | '''OSLO ''' | ||
| | |||
[[File:oslo.gif|center|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Official blazon | |||
|- | |||
|'''Norwegian''' | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|'''English''' | |||
| blazon wanted | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Origin/meaning=== | |||
Oslo is the only city in Norway that does not use a formal coat-of-arms, but a town seal. | Oslo is the only city in Norway that does not use a formal coat-of-arms, but a town seal. | ||
The seal of Oslo shows the city's patron saint, St. Hallvard. When starting to cross the Drammenfjord in 1043, Hallvard Vebjørnsson was approached by a woman who asked him to take her as she was pursued by three men. The men got furious and shot both Hallvard as well as the woman. The woman was buried on the shore, whereas the body of Hallvard was attached to a millstone and thrown into the sea, but, according to one version of the legend, Hallvard's body miraculously floated to the surface, thereby revealing the cruel deed. <br> | The seal of Oslo shows the city's patron saint, St. Hallvard. When starting to cross the Drammenfjord in 1043, Hallvard Vebjørnsson was approached by a woman who asked him to take her as she was pursued by three men. The men got furious and shot both Hallvard as well as the woman. The woman was buried on the shore, whereas the body of Hallvard was attached to a millstone and thrown into the sea, but, according to one version of the legend, Hallvard's body miraculously floated to the surface, thereby revealing the cruel deed. <br> | ||
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{|align="center" | {|align="center" | ||
|align="center"|[[File:osloz1.jpg|center]] <br/>The seal of Oslo from 1300 (image from a document from 1427). | |align="center"|[[File:osloz1.jpg|center|Seal of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The seal of Oslo from 1300 (image from a document from 1427). | ||
|} | |} | ||
After the Reformation the city continued the use of St. Hallvard. The second seal of Oslo dates from around 1590. It shows the same basic design, but the saint holds his attributes in the opposite hands. Also the stars and some other smaller details were lost. This seal was used until around 1660. <br> | After the Reformation the city continued the use of St. Hallvard. The second seal of Oslo dates from around 1590. It shows the same basic design, but the saint holds his attributes in the opposite hands. Also the stars and some other smaller details were lost. This seal was used until around 1660. <br> | ||
At the time the church of St. Hallvard has become a ruin and the legend was no longer well known. The third seal of Oslo, made in 1659, therefore showed still the basic design, but the saint was transformed into a woman figure. She still held the arrows and had a dead knight (with harnass and helmet) near her feet. The millstone had become thinner and looked more like a ring. This image can still be seen on an iron plate dating from 1770. These plates became very popular in Denmark in the 18th century and the figure was presented as Queen Margaret I, who unified the three Kingdoms of Sweden, Norway and Denmark, which are represented by the ring (union) and the three arrows. The dead kniight was to symbolise her opponent, Albrecht of Mecklenburg. | At the time the church of St. Hallvard has become a ruin and the legend was no longer well known. The third seal of Oslo, made in 1659, therefore showed still the basic design, but the saint was transformed into a woman figure. She still held the arrows and had a dead knight (with harnass and helmet) near her feet. The millstone had become thinner and looked more like a ring. This image can still be seen on an iron plate dating from 1770. These plates became very popular in Denmark in the 18th century and the figure was presented as Queen Margaret I, who unified the three Kingdoms of Sweden, Norway and Denmark, which are represented by the ring (union) and the three arrows. The dead kniight was to symbolise her opponent, Albrecht of Mecklenburg. | ||
{|align="center" | {|align="center" | ||
|align="center"|[[File:oslo4.jpg|center]] <br/>Iron plate dated 1770, with the image of the seal from 1659 | |align="center"|[[File:oslo4.jpg|center|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>Iron plate dated 1770, with the image of the seal from 1659 | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{|align="center" | {|align="center" | ||
|align="center"|[[File:oslo1.jpg|center]] <br/>The arms as shown in 1899. | |align="center"|[[File:oslo1.jpg|center|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The arms as shown in 1899. | ||
|} | |} | ||
In 1924 the present design was made, again with the naked woman. The composition has also been placed in a shield by different authors and with different colours as can be seen in | In 1924 the present design was made, again with the naked woman. The composition has also been placed in a shield by different authors and with different colours as can be seen in the images below. | ||
{|align="center" | {|align="center" | ||
|align="center"|[[File:oslo.hagno.jpg|center]] <br/>The arms in the [[Kaffe Hag Norge|Coffee Hag album]] +/- 1930 | |align="center"|[[File:kristiania.sn.jpg|center|300 px|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The arms by [[Hugo Gerard Ströhl|Ströhl]] in 1903. | ||
|align="center"|[[File:oslo2.jpg|center]] <br/>The arms as shown in the German Abadie albums, mid 1930s | |align="center"|[[File:oslo.hagno.jpg|center|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The arms in the [[Kaffe Hag Norge|Coffee Hag album]] +/- 1930 | ||
|- | |||
|align="center"|[[File:oslo2.jpg|center|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The arms as shown in the German Abadie albums, mid 1930s | |||
|align="center"|[[File:oslocover.jpg|400 px|center|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The arms on a manhole cover (2015) | |||
|- | |||
|align="center"|[[File:2084.wi2.jpg|center|300 px|Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] <br/>The arms on a Dutch [[Willem II]] cigar band | |||
|} | |} | ||
[[Literature]] : Norske Kommunevåpen, Kommunalforlaget, 1987; http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallvard_Vebj%C3%B8rnsson, http://www.oslo.kommune.no | {{media}} | ||
[[Civic Heraldry Literature - Norway|'''Literature''']]: | |||
Norske Kommunevåpen, Kommunalforlaget, 1987; http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallvard_Vebj%C3%B8rnsson, http://www.oslo.kommune.no | |||
[[Category:Norwegian municipalities O]] | [[Category:Norwegian municipalities O]] | ||
[[Category:Norwegian provinces]] | |||